Difference between revisions of "Editing help"

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(New page: tags:wiki syntax toc: == Introduction This document describes the syntax used by svnwiki to represent contents in a wiki. If you have suggestions to improve svnwiki, plea...)
 
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[[tags:wiki syntax]]
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<!-- This is not the place to practice editing pages, to do so, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox]] -->
 +
<noinclude>{{semiprotected|small=yes}}</noinclude>
 +
{{shortcut|WP:H2EAP|WP:HEP|WP:HOW|WP:EDIT}}
 +
:''See also [[Wikipedia:Introduction]], [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]], [[Wikipedia:Tutorial]], [[Help:Editing]], and [[Wikipedia:Your first article]]''
  
 +
[[Wikipedia]] is a [[wiki]], meaning that anyone can easily edit any [[Wikipedia:Protected page|unprotected page]], and save those changes immediately to that page. After your first edit, you will be a Wikipedia editor! <!-- Comment Good luck with your first edit. -->
  
 +
<div class="messagebox" style="float: right; width: 150px; margin-left: 10px;">Note: You can use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] to experiment with page editing.</div>
 +
===Introduction===
  
−
[[toc:]]
+
Editing most Wikipedia pages is easy. Simply click on the "'''edit this page'''" tab at the top of a Wikipedia page (or on a [[Wikipedia: Section | section-edit]] link). This will bring you to a new page with a text box containing the editable text of the original page.  If you add information to a page, [[Wikipedia:Citing sources|please provide references]], as [[Wikipedia:Verifiability|unreferenced facts are subject to removal]].  When you are finished with an edit, you should write a short [[Wikipedia:Edit_summary  | edit summary]] in the small field below the edit-box. You may use shorthand to describe your changes, as described in the [[Wikipedia:Edit_summary_legend | legend]], and you will see the differences between the page with your edits and the previous version of the page by pressing the "'''Show changes'''" button. If you're satisfied with what you see, [[Wikipedia:Be_bold_in_updating_pages | be bold]] and press the "'''Save page'''" button. Your changes will immediately be visible to all Wikipedia users.
  
−
== Introduction
+
You can also click on the "'''Discussion'''" tab to see the corresponding [[Wikipedia:Talk page|talk page]], which contains comments about the page from other Wikipedia users. Click on the "new section" tab to start a new section, or edit the page in the same way as an article page.
  
−
This document describes the syntax used by [[svnwiki]] to represent
+
You should also remember to [[Wikipedia:Sign your posts on talk pages|sign your messages]] on [[Wikipedia:Talk page|talk pages]] and some special-purpose [[Wikipedia:Project namespace|project pages]] with four tildes (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>), but you should '''not''' sign edits you make to regular articles. In [[Wikipedia:Page history|page histories]], the [[MediaWiki]] software keeps track of which user makes each change.
−
contents in a wiki.
+
  
−
If you have suggestions to improve svnwiki, please [[svnwiki-suggestions|let us know]].
+
==Minor edits==
 +
{{further|[[Help:Minor edit|Minor edits]]}}
 +
A check to the "minor edit" box signifies that only superficial differences exist between the version with your edit and the previous version: typo corrections, formatting and presentational changes, rearranging of text without modifying content, etc. A ''minor edit'' is a version that the editor believes requires no review and could never be the subject of a dispute. The "minor edit" option is one of several [[Wikipedia:Why create an account%3F#New_editing_options|options]] available only to registered users.
  
−
== Basic text formatting
+
==Major edits==
 +
All editors are encouraged to [[Wikipedia:Be_bold|be bold]], but there are several things that a user can do to ensure that major edits are performed smoothly. Before engaging in a major edit, a user should consider discussing proposed changes on the article discussion/talk page. During the edit, if doing so over an extended period, the {{[[Template:inuse|inuse]]}} tag can reduce the likelihood of an edit conflict. Once the edit has been completed, the inclusion of an [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]] will assist in documenting the changes. These steps will all help to ensure that major edits are well received by the Wikipedia community.
  
−
=== Creating a paragraph
+
A major edit should be reviewed to confirm that it is consensual to all concerned editors. Therefore, any change that affects the ''meaning'' of an article is major (not minor), even if the edit is a single word.
  
−
To create a paragraph simply enter the text. You can place a single
+
There are no necessary terms to which you have to agree when doing major edits, but the recommendations above have become best practice. If you do it your own way, the likelihood of your edits being reedited may be higher.
−
newline anywhere in your paragraph and it will have no effect.
+
  
−
To split a paragraph use two consecutive newlines (an empty line).
+
==Wiki markup==
 +
{{shortcut|WP:MARKUP}}
  
−
The above two paragraphs could have been written as:
+
The '''wiki markup''' is the syntax system you can use to format a Wikipedia page; please see [[Help:Editing]] for details on it, and [[Help:Wikitext examples]] for a longer list of the possibilities of Wikitext.
  
−
To create a paragraph simply enter the text.
+
===Links and URLs===
−
You can place a single newline anywhere in
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
−
your paragraph and it will have no effect.
+
|- valign="top"
 +
! What it looks like
 +
! What you type
 +
|- id="emph" valign="top"
 +
|
 +
London has [[public transport]].
  
−
To split a paragraph use two consecutive newlines (an empty line).
+
* A link to another Wiki article.
 +
* Internally, the first letter of the target page is automatically capitalized and spaces are represented as underscores (typing an underscore in the link has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended).
 +
* Thus the link above is to the [[Uniform Resource Locator|URL]] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport, which is the Wikipedia article with the name "Public transport". See also [[Wikipedia:Canonicalization]].
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
London has [[public transport]].
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
San Francisco also has [[public transport|
 +
public transportation]].
  
−
=== Font styles (bold, italics, technical)
+
* Same target, different name.
 +
* The target ("piped") text must be placed '''first''', then the text that will be displayed second.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
San Francisco also has
 +
[[public transport| public transportation]].
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
San Francisco also has
 +
[[public transport]]ation.
  
−
To create '''bold''' text, use three apostrophes ('), as in:
+
Examples include [[bus]]es, [[taxicab]]s,
 +
and [[streetcar]]s.
  
−
  <nowiki>'''bold'''</nowiki>
+
* Endings are blended into the link.
−
+
* Preferred style is to use this instead of a piped link, if possible.
−
Use two for ''italics'':
+
* Blending can be suppressed by using <nowiki><nowiki></nowiki></nowiki> tags, which may be desirable in some instances. Example: a [[micro]]<nowiki>second</nowiki>.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
San Francisco also has
 +
[[public transport]]ation.
  
−
<nowiki>''italics''</nowiki>
+
Examples include [[bus]]es,
−
   
+
  [[taxicab]]s, and [[streetcar]]s.
−
For {{type-written text}}, which is useful for technical documentation, use
+
−
this syntax:
+
  
−
<nowiki>{{text}}</nowiki>
+
a [[micro]]<nowiki>second</nowiki>
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
See the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]].
  
−
Related with type-written text, you can mark entire paragraphs
+
* A link to another [[Help:namespace|namespace]].
−
to be shown in type-written text. This is used for lines that
+
|
−
correspond to program's output or commands that a user should
+
<pre><nowiki>
−
enter.  To active this all you need to do is start each line in
+
See the
−
your paragraph with a space. Paragraphs written in this manner
+
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]].
−
are shown as follows:
+
</nowiki></pre>
  
−
> uptime
+
|- id="link-to-section" valign="top"
−
  23:04:03 up 14:18,  1 user,  load average: 0.02, 0.06, 0.18
+
|
−
> uname -a
+
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics]] is a link to a section within another page.
−
Linux azul 2.6.10 #1 Mon Feb 7 00:20:16 COT 2005 i686 GNU/Linux
+
−
>
+
  
−
=== Font size (big, small)
+
[[#Links and URLs]] is a link to another section on the current page.
  
−
To increase or decrease the size of the text you can wrap it around
+
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics|Italics]] is a piped link to a section within another page.
−
a pair of ''<nowiki>&lt;big&gt;...&lt;/big&gt;</nowiki>'' and
+
−
''<nowiki>&lt;small&gt;...&lt;/small&gt;</nowiki>'' tags respectively.
+
  
−
Example:
+
* The part after the number sign (#) must match a section heading on the page. Matches must be exact in terms of spelling, case, and punctuation.  Links to non-existent sections are not broken; they are treated as links to the top of the page.
 +
* Include "| link title" to create a stylish (piped) link title.
  
−
<nowiki>&lt;big&gt;This text is big...&lt;/big&gt;</nowiki>
+
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics]]
 +
is a link to a section within another page.
  
−
<nowiki>&lt;small&gt;... and this is small.&lt;/small&gt;</nowiki>
+
[[#Links and URLs]] is a link
 +
to another section on the
 +
current page.
  
−
This is shown as:
+
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics|Italics]]
 +
is a piped link to a section within
 +
another page.</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses:
 +
[[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
  
−
<big>This text is big...</big>
+
Automatically hide namespace:
 +
[[Wikipedia:Village Pump|Village Pump]].  
  
−
<small>... and this is small.</small>
+
Or both:
 +
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style (headings)|Manual of Style]]
  
−
+
But not:
−
=== Centering text
+
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Links|]]
 +
* The server fills in the part after the pipe character (|) when you save the page. The next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. When [[Wikipedia:Show preview|preview]]ing your edits, you will not see the expanded form until you press '''Save''' and '''Edit''' again. The same applies to links to sections within the same page ([[#link-to-section|see previous entry]]).
 +
* See [[Wikipedia:Pipe trick]] for details.
  
−
To center text you can wrap multiple paragraphs (and lists, titles, etc.) with a pair of ''<nowiki>&lt;center&gt;...&lt;/center&gt;</nowiki>'' tags, as in:
+
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
Automatically hide stuff
 +
in parentheses:
 +
[[kingdom (biology)|]].
  
−
<nowiki><center>
+
Automatically hide namespace:
−
some text
+
[[Wikipedia:Village Pump|]].
−
* item
+
−
* another
+
−
</center></nowiki>
+
  
−
This will be shown as:
+
Or both:
 +
[[Wikipedia:
 +
Manual of Style (headings)|]]
  
−
> <center>
+
But not:
−
> some text
+
[[Wikipedia:
−
> * item
+
Manual of Style#Links|]]
−
> * another
+
</nowiki></pre>
−
> </center>
+
  
−
=== Special characters
 
  
−
svnwiki automatically replaces certain sequences of characters with HTML
+
|- valign="top"
−
entities that browsers display better. The following is the list of sequences:
+
|
 +
<!-- A village pump proposal was made so that users would be allowed to create the article shown here. Pages here would be articles requested for a long time. If you find someone has created the article, please look in requested articles and put one in its place -->
 +
[[National sarcasm society]] is a page
 +
that does not exist yet.
  
−
<nowiki>(R) (C) <- <-> -> <= <=> => -- --- << 1/4 1/2 3/4 >></nowiki>
+
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
 +
* To create a new page:
 +
*# Create a link to it on some other (related) page.
 +
*# Save that page.
 +
*# Click on the link you just made. The new page will open for editing.
 +
* For more information, see [[Wikipedia:How to start a page|How to start a page]] and check out Wikipedia's [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions|naming conventions]].
 +
* Please do not create a new article without linking to it from at least one other article.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
[[National sarcasm society]]
 +
is a page
 +
that does not exist yet.
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
  
−
These sequences are replaced with these characters respectively:
+
[[Wikipedia:How to edit a page]] is a link to this page.
−
(R) (C) <- <-> -> <= <=> => -- --- << 1/4 1/2 3/4 >>
+
  
−
+
* [[Help:Self link|Self link]]s appear as bold text when the article is viewed.
−
=== Quotes
+
* Do not use this technique to make the article name bold in the first paragraph; see the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Article titles|Manual of Style]].
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
[[Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
 +
is a link to this page.
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
The character '''tilde''' (~) is used when adding a comment to a Talk page.
 +
You should sign your comment by appending four tildes (<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>)
 +
to the comment so as to add your user name plus date/time:
 +
: [[User:Patricia|Patricia Zhang]] 13:40, Jan 14, 2007 (UTC)
 +
Adding three tildes (<nowiki>~~~</nowiki>) will add just your user name:
 +
: [[User:Patricia|Patricia Zhang]]
 +
and adding five tildes (<nowiki>~~~~~</nowiki>) gives the date/time alone:
 +
: 13:40, Jan 14, 2007 (UTC)
  
−
If you want to make quotes, you can start your lines with ''>'' (the
+
* The first two both provide a link to your [[Wikipedia:user page|user page]].
−
standard character for email quotation).  Alternatively, you can
+
|
−
surround it with <nowiki>&lt;blockquote&gt; ... &lt;/blockquote&gt;</nowiki>
+
<pre><nowiki>
 +
The character '''tilde''' (~) is used
 +
when adding a comment to a Talk page.
 +
You should sign your comment by
 +
appending four tildes (~~~~)
 +
to the comment so as to add your
 +
user name plus date/time:
 +
: ~~~~
 +
Adding three tildes (~~~) will add
 +
just your user name:
 +
: ~~~
 +
and adding five tildes (~~~~~) gives
 +
the date/time alone:
 +
: ~~~~~
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
* [[Wikipedia:Redirect|Redirect]] one article title to another by placing a directive like the one shown to the right on the ''first'' line of the article (such as at a page titled "[[USA]]").
 +
* It is possible to redirect to a section. For example, a redirect to [[United States#History|United States History]] will redirect to the [[United States]] page, to the History section if it exists.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
#REDIRECT [[United States]]
  
−
This text will be show as:
+
#REDIRECT [[United States#History|United
 +
States History]] will redirect to the
 +
[[United States]] page, to the History
 +
section if it exists
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
  
−
> I am enough of an artist to draw freely upon my imagination.
+
* Link to a page on the same subject in another language by placing a link of the form: <nowiki>[[language code:Title]]</nowiki> in the wiki text of the article.
−
> Imagination is more important than knowledge.
+
For example in the article on [[Plankton]], which is available on a lot of other wikis, the interlanguage links would look like so:
−
> Knowledge is limited.
+
:<tt><nowiki>[[de:Plankton]] [[es:Plancton]] [[ru:Планктон]] [[simple:Plankton]]</nowiki></tt>
−
> Imagination encircles the world.
+
* While it does not matter where you put these links while editing, it is recommended that these links be placed at the very end of the edit box.  
 +
* These will not be visible in the main text of the article on which they are placed but appear as links in the extreme left margin column of Wikipedia page as part of a separate box under the 'toolbox' titled 'in other languages'. You can check out the links to the corresponding page in wikipedias of other languages for this Wikipedia MOS help page itself.
 +
* Please see [[Wikipedia:Interlanguage links]] and the [[Wikipedia:Complete list of language wikis available|list of languages and codes]].
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''What links here''' and '''Related changes'''
 +
pages can be linked as:
 +
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
 +
and
 +
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
  
−
== Organizing your article (Table of contents, lists, tables, horizontal lines)
+
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
'''What links here''' and
 +
'''Related changes'''
 +
pages can be linked as:
 +
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/
 +
Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
 +
and
 +
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/
 +
Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
A user's '''Contributions''' page can be linked as:
 +
[[Special:Contributions/UserName]]
 +
or
 +
[[Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0]]
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
A user's '''Contributions''' page
 +
can be linked as:
 +
[[Special:Contributions/UserName]]
 +
or
 +
[[Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0]]
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
* To put an article in a [[Wikipedia:Category]], place a link like the one to the right anywhere in the article. As with interlanguage links, it does not matter where you put these links while editing as they will always show up in the same place when you save the page, but placement at the end of the edit box is recommended.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
[[Category:Character sets]]
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
* To ''link'' to a [[Wikipedia:Category]] page without putting the article into the category, use an initial colon (:) in the link.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
[[:Category:Character sets]]
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- id="link-external" valign="top"
 +
|
 +
Three ways to link to external (non-wiki) sources:
 +
# Bare URL: http://www.wikipedia.com/ (bad style)
 +
# Unnamed link: [http://www.wikipedia.com/] (only used within article body for footnotes)
 +
# Named link: [http://www.wikipedia.com Wikipedia]
  
−
=== Creating titles
+
:See [[MetaWikiPedia:Interwiki_map]] for the list of shortcuts.
  
−
To create a title, use a line starting with two, three, four or five equal signs:
+
* Square brackets indicate an external link. Note the use of a ''space'' (not a pipe) to separate the URL from the link text in the "named" version.
 +
* In the [[URL]], all symbols must be among:<br/>'''A-Z a-z 0-9 . _ \ / ~ % - + & # ? ! = ( ) @'''
 +
* If a URL contains a character not in this list, it should be encoded by using a percent sign (%) followed by the [[hexadecimal|hex]] code of the character, which can be found in the table of [[ASCII#ASCII printable characters|ASCII printable characters]]. For example, the caret character (^) would be encoded in a URL as '''%5E'''.
 +
* If the "named" version contains a closing square bracket "]", then you must use the [[HTML]] special character syntax, i.e. '''&amp;#93;''' otherwise the [[MediaWiki]] software will prematurely interpret this as the end of the external link.
 +
* There is a class that can be used to remove the arrow image from the external link. It is used in [[Template:Ref]] to stop the URL from expanding during printing. It should '''never''' be used in the main body of an article. However, there is an exception: wikilinks in Image markup. An example of the markup is as follows:
 +
** Markup: <nowiki><span
 +
class="plainlinksneverexpand">
 +
[http://www.sysinternals.com/
 +
ntw2k/freeware/winobj.shtml WinObj]</span></nowiki>
 +
** Display: <span class="plainlinksneverexpand"> [http://www.sysinternals.com/ntw2k/freeware/winobj.shtml WinObj]</span>
 +
* See [[Wikipedia:External links]] for style issues.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
Three ways to link to
 +
external (non-wiki) sources:
 +
# Bare URL:
 +
http://en.wikipedia.org/
 +
(bad style)
 +
# Unnamed link:
 +
[http://en.wikipedia.org/]
 +
(only used within article
 +
body for footnotes)
 +
# Named link:
 +
[http://en.wikipedia.org Wikipedia]
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
Linking to other wikis:
 +
# [[Interwiki]] link: [[Wiktionary:Hello]]
 +
# Interwiki link without prefix: [[Wiktionary:Hello|Hello]]
 +
# Named interwiki link: [[Wiktionary:Hello|Wiktionary definition of 'Hello']]
  
−
== Title Name
+
* All of these forms lead to the URL http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hello
−
=== Sub-title Name
+
* Note that interwiki links use the ''internal'' link style.
−
==== Sub-sub-title Name
+
* See [[MetaWikiPedia:Interwiki_map]] for the list of shortcuts; if the site you want to link to is not on the list, use an external link ([[#link-external|see above]]).
−
===== Sub-sub-sub-title Name
+
* See also [[Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects]].
  
−
If you use two equal signs, you will create a top-level title.  The more
+
Linking to another language's wiktionary:
−
equal signs you use, the less important your title will be.
+
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour]]
 +
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour|bonjour]]
 +
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour|fr:bonjour]]
  
−
An alternative option for creating titles is using ''<nowiki>&lt;h1&gt;</nowiki>''
+
* All of these forms lead to the URL http://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/bonjour
−
''<nowiki>&lt;h2&gt;</nowiki>'', ''<nowiki>&lt;h3&gt;</nowiki>'',
+
|
−
''<nowiki>&lt;h4&gt;</nowiki>'', ''<nowiki>&lt;h5&gt;</nowiki>'' and
+
<pre><nowiki>
−
''<nowiki>&lt;h6&gt;</nowiki>'' tags.
+
Linking to other wikis:
−
There is one important difference with the
+
# [[Interwiki]] link:
−
previous syntax: tags created in this manner will not be included in the
+
[[Wiktionary:Hello]]
−
articles' Table of Contents.  For this reason, you are encouraged not
+
# Interwiki link without prefix:
−
to use this syntax unless you have specific reasons.
+
[[Wiktionary:Hello|]]
 +
# Named interwiki link:
 +
[[Wiktionary:Hello|
 +
Wiktionary definition
 +
of 'Hello']]
  
−
=== Table of Contents
+
Linking to another
 +
language's wiktionary:
 +
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour]]
 +
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour|bonjour]]
 +
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour|]]
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
ISBN 012345678X
  
−
If you want to show the table of contents of an article, use the following
+
ISBN 0-12-345678-X
−
code:
+
  
−
<nowiki>[[toc:]]</nowiki>
+
* Link to books using their [[Wikipedia:ISBN|ISBN]]. This is preferred to linking to a specific online bookstore, because it gives the reader a choice of vendors. However, if one bookstore or online service provides additional free information, such as table of contents or excerpts from the text, then a link to that source will aid the user and is recommended.
 +
* ISBN links do not need any extra markup, provided you use one of the indicated formats.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
ISBN 012345678X
  
−
This will be replaced with the table of contents.  You can see an example at
+
ISBN 0-12-345678-X
−
the beginning of this page.
+
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
Text mentioning RFC 4321 anywhere
  
−
=== Using tables
+
* Link to [[Internet Engineering Task Force]] [[Request for Comments|RFC]]s.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
Text mentioning RFC 4321
 +
anywhere
 +
</nowiki></pre>
  
−
You can create a table using the standard HTML syntax, based on the
+
|- valign=top
−
<tt><nowiki>&lt;table&gt;</nowiki></tt>,
+
|
−
<tt><nowiki>&lt;tr&gt;</nowiki></tt> and
+
Date formats:
−
<tt><nowiki>&lt;td&gt;</nowiki></tt> tags.
+
# [[July 20]], [[1969]]
 +
# [[20 July]] [[1969]]
 +
# [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
 +
# [[1969-07-20]]
  
−
Example:
+
* Link dates in one of the above formats, so that everyone can set their own display order. If [[Special:Userlogin|logged in]], you can use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting.
 +
* All of the above dates will appear as "[[20 July|20 July]] [[1969|1969]]" if you set your date display preference to "15 January 2001", but as "[[20 July|July 20]], [[1969|1969]]" if you set it to "January 15, 2001", or as "[[1969|1969]]-[[July 20|07-20]]" if you set it to "2001-01-15".
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
Date formats:
 +
# [[July 20]], [[1969]]
 +
# [[20 July]] [[1969]]
 +
# [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
 +
# [[1969-07-20]]
  
−
<table>
+
</nowiki></pre>
−
<tr><th>Country</th><th>Number of cities</th></tr>
+
|- valign="top"
−
<tr><td>Colombia</td><td>16</td></tr>
+
|
−
<tr><td>Argentina</td><td>16</td></tr>
+
Special [[WP:AO|as-of]] links like [[As of 2006|this year]]
−
<tr><td>Brasil</td><td>31</td></tr>
+
needing future maintenance
−
</table>
+
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
Special [[WP:AO|as-of]] links
 +
like [[As of 2006|this year]]
 +
needing future maintenance
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
[[media:Classical guitar scale.ogg|Sound]]
  
−
This is shown as:
+
*To include links to non image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link. For images, [[#Images|see next section]].
  
−
<table>
+
Some uploaded sounds are listed at [[Wikipedia:Sound]].
−
<tr><th>Country</th><th>Number of cities</th></tr>
+
|
−
<tr><td>Colombia</td><td>17</td></tr>
+
<pre><nowiki>
−
<tr><td>Argentina</td><td>12</td></tr>
+
[[media:Classical guitar scale.ogg|Sound]]
−
<tr><td>Brasil</td><td>31</td></tr>
+
</nowiki></pre>
−
</table>
+
  
−
Currently it is not possible to include parameters in any of the above tags;
+
|- valign="top"
−
this will probably be fixed in a future release.
+
|
 +
Link directly to '''edit''' for an existing page, or apply other link attributes.
 +
* use <nowiki>{{fullurl:}}</nowiki> 
 +
* or use [[template:edit|<nowiki>{{template:edit}}</nowiki>]] which conceals the edit label for page printing
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>{{fullurl:page name|action=edit}}</nowiki></pre>
 +
|}
  
−
=== Horizontal dividing line
+
===Images===
 +
Only images that have been uploaded to Wikipedia can be used. To upload images, use the [[Special:Upload|upload page]]. You can find the uploaded image on the [[Special:Imagelist|image list]].
  
−
You can include an horizontal dividing line with the followking markup:
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
 +
|-
 +
! What it looks like
 +
! What you type
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|A picture:  
 +
[[Image:wiki.png]]
 +
|<pre>A picture:
 +
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png]]</nowiki></pre>
  
−
----
+
|- valign="top"
 +
|With alternative text:
 +
[[Image:wiki.png|Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.]]
 +
|<pre>With alternative text:
 +
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png|Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.]]</nowiki></pre>
 +
* Alternative text, used when the image is unavailable or when the image is loaded in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud, is '''strongly''' encouraged. See [[Wikipedia:Alternate text for images|Alternate text for images]] for help on choosing it.
  
−
This is shown as:
+
|- valign="top"
 +
|Floating to the right side of the page using the ''frame'' attribute and a caption:
 +
[[Image:wiki.png|frame|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]<br clear=all>
 +
|<pre>Floating to the right side of the page
 +
using the ''frame'' attribute and a caption:
 +
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png|frame|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]</nowiki></pre>
 +
* The frame tag automatically floats the image right.
 +
* The caption is also used as alternate text.
  
−
----
+
|- valign="top"
 +
|Floating to the right side of the page using the ''thumb'' attribute and a caption:
 +
[[Image:wiki.png|thumb|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]<br clear=all>
 +
|<pre>Floating to the right side of the page
 +
using the ''thumb'' attribute and a caption:
 +
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png|thumb|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]</nowiki></pre>
 +
* The thumb tag automatically floats the image right.
 +
* The caption is also used as alternate text.
 +
* An enlarge icon is placed in the lower right corner.
  
−
== Lists
+
|- valign="top"
 +
|Floating to the right side of the page ''without'' a caption:
 +
[[Image:wiki.png|right|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]
 +
|<pre>Floating to the right side of the page
 +
''without'' a caption:
 +
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png|right|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]</nowiki></pre>
 +
* The help topic on [[Wikipedia:Extended image syntax|extended image syntax]] explains more options.
  
−
=== Lists of items
+
|- valign="top"
 +
|A picture resized to 30 pixels...
 +
[[Image:wiki.png|30 px]]
 +
|<pre>A picture resized to 30 pixels...
 +
<nowiki>[[Image:wiki.png|30 px]]</nowiki></pre>
 +
* The help topic on [[Wikipedia:Extended image syntax|extended image syntax]] explains more options.
  
−
You can create lists of bullets or numbers by starting your lines with
+
|- valign="top"
−
asterisks or number signs:
+
|Linking directly to the description page of an image:
 +
[[:Image:wiki.png]]
 +
|<pre>Linking directly to the description page
 +
of an image:
 +
<nowiki>[[:Image:wiki.png]]</nowiki></pre>
 +
* Clicking on an image displayed on a page
 +
(such as any of the ones above)
 +
also leads to the description page
  
−
* Some item
+
|- valign="top"
−
* Another item
+
|Linking directly to an image without displaying it:
−
** A sub item
+
[[:Image:wiki.png|Image of the jigsaw globe logo]]
−
** Another sub item
+
|<pre>Linking directly to an image
−
**# A numbered sub sub item
+
without displaying it:
−
**# Another numberd sub sub item
+
<nowiki>[[:media:wiki.png|Image of the jigsaw globe logo]]</nowiki></pre>
−
* The last item
+
* To include links to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link.
  
−
The above list will be rendered as:
+
|- valign="top"
 +
|Using the [[div tag]] to separate images from text (note that this may allow images to cover text):
 +
|<pre><nowiki>Example:
 +
<div style="display:inline;
 +
width:220px; float:right;">
 +
Place images here </div></nowiki></pre>
  
−
* Some item
+
|- valign="top"
−
* Another item
+
|Using wiki markup to make a table in which to place a vertical column of images (this helps edit links match headers, especially in Firefox browsers):
−
** A sub item
+
|<pre><nowiki>Example: {| align=right
−
** Another sub item
+
|-
−
**# A numbered sub sub item
+
|
−
**# Another numberd sub sub item
+
Place images here
−
* The last item
+
|}
 +
</nowiki></pre>
  
−
As you can see, you can mix lists of bullets and numbers in any way you want.
+
|}
  
−
=== Lists of Definitions
+
See the Wikipedia's [[Wikipedia:Image use policy|image use policy]] as a guideline used on Wikipedia.
  
−
You can create a list of definitions by using multiple lines with the
+
For further help on images, including some more versatile abilities, see the topic on [[Wikipedia:Extended image syntax|Extended image syntax]].
−
following syntax:
+
  
−
; ''TERM'' : ''DEFINITION''
+
===Headings===
  
−
This is useful to give a list of terms along with their respective
+
For a top-level heading, put it on a separate line surrounded by '=='. For example:
−
definitions.
+
  
−
Example:
+
  ==Introduction==
  
−
; Lassie : A very intelligent dog.
+
Subheadings use '===', '====', and so on.
−
; Garfield : A pessimistic cat.
+
−
; Tux : A fearsome pinguin.
+
  
−
This list is shown as:
+
===Character formatting===
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
! What it looks like
 +
! What you type
 +
|- id="emph" valign="top"
 +
|
 +
''Italicized text''<br />'''Bold text'''<br />'''''Italicized & Bold text'''''
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
''Italicized text''
 +
'''Bold text'''
 +
'''''Italicized & Bold text'''''
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
A typewriter font for <tt>monospace  text</tt>
  
−
; Lassie : A very intelligent dog.
+
Computer code has a colored background
−
; Garfield : A pessimistic cat.
+
and more stringent formatting. Suppose we
−
; Tux : A fearsome pinguin.
+
want to define <code>int main()</code>:
 +
<source lang=c>#include <iostream.h>
 +
int main ( int argc,  char **argv ) {
 +
    cout << "Hello World!";
 +
    return 0;
 +
}</source>
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
A typewriter font for <tt>monospace  text</tt>
  
−
== Links and images
+
Computer code has a colored background
 +
and more stringent formatting. Suppose we
 +
want to define <code>int  main()</code>:
 +
<source lang=c>#include <iostream.h>
 +
int main ( int argc,  char **argv ) {
 +
    cout << "Hello World!";
 +
    return 0;
 +
}</source>
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign=top
 +
|
 +
You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
Better stay away from <big>big text</big>, unless
 +
<small> it's <big>within</big> small</small> text.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
Better stay away from <big>big text</big>, unless
 +
<small> it's <big>within</big> small</small> text.
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
You can <s>strike out deleted material</s>
 +
and <u>underline new material</u>.
  
−
=== Creating Links
+
You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
 +
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup.
 +
For backwards compatibility better combine this
 +
potentially ignored new <del>logical</del> with
 +
the old <s><del>physical</del></s> markup.
  
−
To create links use ''<nowiki>[[dst]]</nowiki>'', where ''dst'' is the
+
* When editing regular Wikipedia articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
−
link target.  You can use relative or absolute URLs.
+
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
You can <s>strike out deleted material</s>
 +
and <u>underline new material</u>.
  
−
If you want your link to display a text other than its target, use
+
You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
−
''<nowiki>[[dst|Some text]]</nowiki>''.  This will be shown as:
+
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup.
−
[[dst|Some text]].
+
For backwards compatibility better combine this
 +
potentially ignored new <del>logical</del> with
 +
the old <s><del>physical</del></s> markup.
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Suppressing interpretation of markup:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
<nowiki>Link &rarr; (''to'') the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]</nowiki>
 +
* Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning.
 +
* Escape all wiki markup, including that which looks like HTML tags.
 +
* Does not escape HTML character references.
 +
* To escape HTML character references such as <tt>&amp;rarr;</tt> use <tt>&amp;amp;rarr;</tt>
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
&lt;nowiki>Link &amp;rarr; (''to'')
 +
the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]&lt;/nowiki>
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Commenting page source:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
''not shown when viewing page''
 +
* Used to leave comments in a page for future editors.
 +
* Note that most comments should go on the appropriate [[Wikipedia:Talk page|Talk page]].
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
&lt;!-- comment here -->
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''<span id="diacritics">Diacritical marks:</span>'''
 +
<br/>
 +
À Á Â Ã Ä Å <br/>
 +
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë <br/>
 +
Ì Í
 +
Î Ï Ñ Ò <br/>
 +
Ó Ô Õ
 +
Ö Ø Ù <br/>
 +
Ú Û Ü ß
 +
à á <br/>
 +
â ã ä å æ
 +
ç <br/>
 +
è é ê ë ì í<br/>
 +
î ï ñ ò ó ô <br/>
 +
œ õ
 +
ö ø ù ú <br/>
 +
û ü ÿ
  
−
Here are some examples:
+
* See [[meta:Help:Special characters|special characters]].
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
&amp;Agrave; &amp;Aacute; &amp;Acirc; &amp;Atilde; &amp;Auml; &amp;Aring;
 +
&amp;AElig; &amp;Ccedil; &amp;Egrave; &amp;Eacute; &amp;Ecirc; &amp;Euml;
 +
&amp;Igrave; &amp;Iacute; &amp;Icirc; &amp;Iuml; &amp;Ntilde; &amp;Ograve;
 +
&amp;Oacute; &amp;Ocirc; &amp;Otilde; &amp;Ouml; &amp;Oslash; &amp;Ugrave;
 +
&amp;Uacute; &amp;Ucirc; &amp;Uuml; &amp;szlig; &amp;agrave; &amp;aacute;
 +
&amp;acirc; &amp;atilde; &amp;auml; &amp;aring; &amp;aelig; &amp;ccedil;
 +
&amp;egrave; &amp;eacute; &amp;ecirc; &amp;euml; &amp;igrave; &amp;iacute;
 +
&amp;icirc; &amp;iuml; &amp;ntilde; &amp;ograve; &amp;oacute; &amp;ocirc;
 +
&amp;oelig; &amp;otilde; &amp;ouml; &amp;oslash; &amp;ugrave; &amp;uacute;
 +
&amp;ucirc; &amp;uuml; &amp;yuml;
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Punctuation:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
¿ ¡ § ¶<br/>
 +
† ‡ • &ndash; &mdash;<br/>
 +
‹ › « »<br/>
 +
‘ ’ “ ”
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
&amp;iquest; &amp;iexcl; &amp;sect; &amp;para;
 +
&amp;dagger; &amp;Dagger; &amp;bull; &amp;ndash; &amp;mdash;
 +
&amp;lsaquo; &amp;rsaquo; &amp;laquo; &amp;raquo;
 +
&amp;lsquo; &amp;rsquo; &amp;ldquo; &amp;rdquo;
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Commercial symbols:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
™ © ® ¢ € ¥<br/>
 +
£ ¤
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
&amp;trade; &amp;copy; &amp;reg; &amp;cent; &amp;euro; &amp;yen;
 +
&amp;pound; &amp;curren;
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Subscripts:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
x<sub>1</sub> x<sub>2</sub> x<sub>3</sub> or
 +
<br/>
 +
x₀ x₁ x₂ x₃ x₄
 +
<br/>
 +
x₅ x₆ x₇ x₈ x₉
  
−
* <tt><nowiki>[[http://wiki.freaks-unidos.net/]]</nowiki></tt>
+
'''Superscripts:'''
−
* <tt><nowiki>[[default|Home Page]]</nowiki></tt>
+
<br/>
 +
x<sup>1</sup> x<sup >2</sup > x<sup >3</sup > or
 +
<br/>
 +
x⁰ x¹ x² x³ x⁴
 +
<br/>
 +
x⁵ x⁶ x⁷ x⁸ x⁹
  
−
=== Including Images
+
*The latter methods of sub/superscripting cannot be used in the most general context, as they rely on Unicode support which may not be present on all users' machines. For the 1-2-3 superscripts, it is nevertheless preferred when possible (as with units of measurement) because most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with it.
  
−
To include images in your articles use the following text:
+
ε<sub>0</sub> =
 +
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup>
 +
C² / J m.
  
−
''<nowiki>[[image:URL|ALT]]</nowiki>''
+
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2;]]
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
x<sub>1</sub> x<sub>2</sub> x<sub>3</sub> or
 +
<br/>
 +
x&amp;#8320; x&amp;#8321; x&amp;#8322; x&amp;#8323; x&amp;#8324;
 +
<br/>
 +
x&amp;#8325; x&amp;#8326; x&amp;#8327; x&amp;#8328; x&amp;#8329;
 +
</nowiki></pre>
  
−
Here you'll need to replace ''URL'' with the URL of your image (which can
+
<pre><nowiki>
−
be absolute or relative) and ''ALT'' with a simple description of the image.
+
x<sup>1</sup> x<sup>2</sup> x<sup>3</sup> or
 +
<br/>
 +
x&amp;#8304; x&amp;sup1; x&amp;sup2; x&amp;sup3; x&amp;#8308;
 +
<br/>
 +
x&amp;#8309; x&amp;#8310; x&amp;#8311; x&amp;#8312; x&amp;#8313;
  
−
Example:
+
&amp;epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
−
''<nowiki>[[image:http://azul.freaks-unidos.net/files/svnwiki-small.png|Image]]</nowiki>''
+
8.85 &amp;times; 10<sup>&amp;minus;12</sup>
 +
C&amp;sup2; / J m.
  
−
Renders this:
+
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&amp;sup2;]]
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Greek characters:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
α β γ δ ε ζ<br/>
 +
η θ ι κ λ μ ν<br/>
 +
ξ ο π ρ σ ς<br/>
 +
τ υ φ χ ψ ω<br/>
 +
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π<br/>
 +
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
&amp;alpha; &amp;beta; &amp;gamma; &amp;delta; &amp;epsilon; &amp;zeta;
 +
&amp;eta; &amp;theta; &amp;iota; &amp;kappa; &amp;lambda; &amp;mu; &amp;nu;
 +
&amp;xi; &amp;omicron; &amp;pi; &amp;rho; &amp;sigma; &amp;sigmaf;
 +
&amp;tau; &amp;upsilon; &amp;phi; &amp;chi; &amp;psi; &amp;omega;
 +
&amp;Gamma; &amp;Delta; &amp;Theta; &amp;Lambda; &amp;Xi; &amp;Pi;
 +
&amp;Sigma; &amp;Phi; &amp;Psi; &amp;Omega;
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Mathematical characters:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
∫ ∑ ∏ √ &minus; ± ∞<br/>
 +
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥<br/>
 +
&times; · ÷ ∂ &prime; &Prime;<br/>
 +
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø<br/>
 +
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇<br/>
 +
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀<br/>
 +
⇒ ⇐ ⇓ ⇑ ⇔<br/>
 +
→ ↓ ↑ ← ↔<br/>
 +
* See also [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics|WikiProject Mathematics]] and [[TeX]].
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
&amp;int; &amp;sum; &amp;prod; &amp;radic; &amp;minus; &amp;plusmn; &amp;infin;
 +
&amp;asymp; &amp;prop; &amp;equiv; &amp;ne; &amp;le; &amp;ge;
 +
&amp;times; &amp;middot; &amp;divide; &amp;part; &amp;prime; &amp;Prime;
 +
&amp;nabla; &amp;permil; &amp;deg; &amp;there4; &amp;alefsym; &amp;oslash;
 +
&amp;isin; &amp;notin; &amp;cap; &amp;cup; &amp;sub; &amp;sup; &amp;sube; &amp;supe;
 +
&amp;not; &amp;and; &amp;or; &amp;exist; &amp;forall;
 +
&amp;rArr; &amp;lArr; &amp;dArr; &amp;uArr; &amp;hArr;
 +
&amp;rarr; &amp;darr; &amp;uarr; &amp;larr; &amp;harr;
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
<math>\,\! \sin x + \ln y</math><br>
 +
sin''x'' + ln''y''
 +
<!-- no space between roman "sin" and italic "x" -->
  
−
[[image:http://azul.freaks-unidos.net/files/svnwiki-small.png|Image]]
+
<math>\mathbf{x} = 0</math><br>
 +
'''x''' = 0
  
−
== Programming languages
+
Ordinary text should use [[#emph|wiki markup for emphasis]], and should not use <code>&lt;i&gt;</code> or <code>&lt;b&gt;</code>.  However, mathematical formulae often use italics, and sometimes use bold, for reasons unrelated to emphasis.  Complex formulae should use [[Help:Formula|<code>&lt;math&gt;</code> markup]], and simple formulae may use <code>&lt;math&gt;</code>; or <code>&lt;i&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;b&gt;</code>; or <code><nowiki>''</nowiki></code> and <code><nowiki>'''</nowiki></code>.  According to [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics#Italicization and bolding|WikiProject Mathematics]], wiki markup is preferred over HTML markup like <code>&lt;i&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;b&gt;</code>.
 +
|
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
<math>\,\! \sin x + \ln y</math>
 +
sin''x'' + ln''y''
  
−
=== Syntax coloring
+
<math>\mathbf{x} = 0</math>
 +
'''x''' = 0
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Spacing in simple math formulae:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
Obviously, ''x''&nbsp;&sup2;&nbsp;≥&nbsp;0 is true when ''x'' is a real number.
 +
*To space things out without allowing line breaks to interrupt the formula, use non-breaking spaces: <tt>&amp;nbsp;</tt>.
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
Obviously, ''x''&amp;sup2;&amp;nbsp;&amp;ge;&amp;nbsp;0 is true
 +
when ''x'' is a real number.
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|- valign="top"
 +
|
 +
'''Complicated formulae:'''
 +
<br/>
 +
: <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
 +
* See [[Help:Formula]] for how to use <tt>&lt;math></tt>.
 +
* A formula displayed on a line by itself should probably be indented by using the colon (:) character.
 +
|
 +
<br/>
 +
<pre><nowiki>
 +
: <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|}
 +
''(see also: [[Chess symbols in Unicode]])''
  
−
You can embbed code or information in many file formats or programming languages;
+
===No or limited formatting—showing exactly what is being typed===
−
Svnwiki will use [[http://people.ssh.com/mtr/genscript/|GNU Enscript]] to highlight it.
+
−
Use the <nowiki>&lt;enscript&gt;</nowiki> tag and pass the programming language or file format as the highlight parameter.
+
  
−
For example,
+
A few different kinds of formatting will tell the Wiki to display things as you typed them—what you see, is what you get!
  
−
<nowiki>&lt;enscript highlight=c&gt;</nowiki>
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
−
static void
+
|-
−
pinst_check ()
+
!What it looks like
−
{
+
!What you type
−
  pid_t pinst = pinst_find();
+
|-
−
  if (pinst != -1 && kill(pinst, 0) != -1)
+
|'''&lt;nowiki&gt; tag:'''<br/>
−
    printf("%s: server alive (%d)\n", program_name, pinst);
+
<nowiki>
−
  else
+
The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
−
    printf("%s: server is not running\n", program_name);
+
It reformats text by removing newlines    and multiple spaces.
−
  exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+
It still interprets special characters: &rarr;
−
}
+
</nowiki>
−
  <nowiki>&lt;/enscript&gt;</nowiki>
+
|<pre><nowiki>
 +
&lt;nowiki&gt;
 +
The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
 +
It reformats text by removing newlines
 +
and multiple spaces.
 +
It still interprets special
 +
characters: &amp;rarr;
 +
&lt;/nowiki&gt;
 +
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|-
 +
|'''&lt;pre&gt; tag:'''</br>
 +
<pre>
 +
The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
 +
It also doesn't    reformat text.
 +
It still interprets special characters: &rarr;
 +
</pre>
 +
|<pre>&lt;pre&gt;<nowiki>
 +
The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
 +
It also doesn't    reformat text.
 +
It still interprets special characters:
 +
  &amp;rarr;
 +
</nowiki>&lt;/pre&gt;</pre>
 +
|-
 +
|'''Leading space:'''<br/>
 +
Leading spaces are another way
 +
to preserve formatting. ''However, it will make the whole page fail to render properly in some browsers, such as IE7, thus making the page unreadable.''
  
−
is shown as:
 
  
−
<enscript highlight=c>
+
Putting a space at the beginning of each line
−
static void
+
stops the text  from being reformatted.
−
pinst_check ()
+
It still interprets [[Wiki]] ''markup'' and
−
{
+
special characters: →
−
   pid_t pinst = pinst_find();
+
|<pre><nowiki>
−
  if (pinst != -1 && kill(pinst, 0) != -1)
+
Leading spaces are another way
−
    printf("%s: server alive (%d)\n", program_name, pinst);
+
to preserve formatting.
−
  else
+
Putting a space at the beginning of each line
−
    printf("%s: server is not running\n", program_name);
+
stops the text   from being reformatted.
−
  exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+
It still interprets [[Wiki]] ''markup'' and
−
}
+
special characters: &amp;rarr;
−
</enscript>
+
</nowiki></pre>
 +
|}
  
−
Note that in order for this to work you'll need to have GNU Enscript installed and the Enscript svnwiki extension.
+
===Invisible text (comments)===
−
If you don't, the information will be shown with no coloring.
+
{{main|Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Invisible comments}}
 +
It's uncommon, but on occasion acceptable, to add a hidden comment within the text of an article. <!-- This is an example of text that won't normally be visible except in "edit" mode. --> The format is this:
 +
<nowiki><!-- This is an example of text that won't normally be visible except in "edit" mode. --></nowiki>
  
−
The following languages are supported: ada asm awk bash c changelog cpp csh delphi diff diffs diffu dylan eiffel elisp erlang forth fortran fortran_pp haskell html icon idl inf java javascript ksh lua m4 mail makefile matlab nroff oberon2 objc outline oz pascal perl postscript pyrex python rfc scheme sh skill smalltalk sml sql states synopsys tcl tcsh tex vba verilog vhdl vrml wmlscript zsh.
+
=== Table of contents===
 +
<!-- ==== Placement of the Table of Contents (TOC) ==== -->
 +
At the current status of the wiki markup language, having at least four headers on a page triggers the table of contents (TOC) to appear in front of the first header (or after introductory sections).  Putting <nowiki>__TOC__</nowiki> anywhere forces the TOC to appear at that point (instead of just before the first header).  Putting <nowiki>__NOTOC__</nowiki> anywhere forces the TOC to disappear.  See also [[Wikipedia:Section#Compact_TOC|compact TOC]] for alphabet and year headings.
 +
<!--
 +
THE TEXT BELOW IS COMMENTED OUT SINCE THE DESCRIBED TECHNIQUE
 +
DOESN'T WORK AFTER UPGRADING TO MEDIAWIKI 1.5
  
−
=== Embedding Scheme code
+
====Keeping headings out of the Table of Contents====
 +
If you want some subheadings to not appear in the Table of Contents, then make the following replacements.
  
−
It is possible to embbed entire programs in
+
Replace  <nowiki> == Header 2 == with <h2> Header 2 </h2> </nowiki>
−
the Scheme programming language inside the wiki pages.
+
−
svnwiki will execute it securely (in a safe environment)
+
−
and replace it with whatever output it produces.
+
  
−
For example, you could include code that prints some numbers:
+
Replace  <nowiki> === Header 3 === with <h3> Header 3 </h3> </nowiki>
  
−
<nowiki>&lt;scheme&gt;</nowiki>
+
And so forth.
−
<enscript highlight=scheme>
+
−
(let loop ((a 0) (b 1) (i 0))
+
−
  (cond
+
−
    ((< i 10) (format #t "<p>~A: ~A~%" i a) (loop b (+ a b) (+ i 1)))))
+
−
</enscript>
+
−
<nowiki>&lt;/scheme&gt;</nowiki>
+
  
−
This code would get replaced with the following:
+
For example, notice that the following header has the same font as the other subheaders to this "Tables" section, but the following header does not appear in the Table of Contents for this page.
  
−
<scheme>
+
<h4> This header has the h4 font, but is NOT in the Table of Contents (actually, it is)</h4>
−
(let loop ((a 0) (b 1) (i 0))
+
−
  (cond
+
−
    ((< i 10)
+
−
    (format #t "<p>~A: ~A~%" i a)
+
−
    (loop b (+ a b) (+ i 1)))))
+
−
</scheme>
+
  
−
Note that the output of the Scheme code will be included literally
+
This effect is obtained by the following line of code.
−
in the page (so you can output HTML tags directly).
+
  
−
=== Literal code
+
<code><nowiki><h4> This header has the h4 font, but is not in the Table of Contents </h4></nowiki></code>
  
−
To include something in a page literally (preventing svnwiki to convert it
+
Note that when editing by section, this approach places the text between the tags in the subsequent section, not the previous section. To edit this text, click the edit link next to "Tables", not the one above.
−
from wiki to HTML), place it inside a <nowiki>&lt;nowiki&gt; ... &lt;/nowiki&gt;</nowiki> pair.
+
-->
 +
 
 +
===Tables===
 +
There are two ways to build tables:
 +
*in special Wiki-markup (see [[Help:Table]])
 +
*with the usual HTML elements: &lt;table&gt;, &lt;tr&gt;, &lt;td&gt; or &lt;th&gt;.
 +
 
 +
For the latter, and a discussion on when tables are appropriate, see [[Wikipedia:When to use tables]].
 +
 
 +
===Variables===
 +
''(See also [[Help:Variable]])''
 +
{| style="text-align:center"
 +
|-
 +
! Code
 +
! Effect
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTWEEK}}</nowiki> || {{CURRENTWEEK}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTDOW}}</nowiki> || {{CURRENTDOW}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTH}}</nowiki> || {{CURRENTMONTH}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}</nowiki>
 +
| {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}</nowiki>
 +
| {{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTDAY}}</nowiki> || {{CURRENTDAY}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTDAYNAME}}</nowiki> || {{CURRENTDAYNAME}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTYEAR}}</nowiki> || {{CURRENTYEAR}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{CURRENTTIME}}</nowiki> || {{CURRENTTIME}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}</nowiki>
 +
| {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{NUMBEROFUSERS}}</nowiki>
 +
| {{NUMBEROFUSERS}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{PAGENAME}}</nowiki> || {{PAGENAME}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{NAMESPACE}}</nowiki> || {{NAMESPACE}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{REVISIONID}}</nowiki> || {{REVISIONID}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{localurl:pagename}}</nowiki>
 +
| {{localurl:pagename}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{localurl:</nowiki>''Wikipedia:Sandbox''<nowiki>|action=edit}}</nowiki>
 +
| {{localurl:Wikipedia:Sandbox|action=edit}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{fullurl:pagename}}</nowiki>
 +
| {{fullurl:pagename}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{fullurl:pagename|</nowiki>''query_string''<nowiki>}}</nowiki>
 +
| {{fullurl:pagename|query_string}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{SERVER}}</nowiki> || {{SERVER}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:1}}</nowiki> || {{ns:1}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:2}}</nowiki> || {{ns:2}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:3}}</nowiki> || {{ns:3}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:4}}</nowiki> || {{ns:4}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:5}}</nowiki> || {{ns:5}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:6}}</nowiki> || {{ns:6}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:7}}</nowiki> || {{ns:7}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:8}}</nowiki> || {{ns:8}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:9}}</nowiki> || {{ns:9}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:10}}</nowiki> || {{ns:10}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:11}}</nowiki> || {{ns:11}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:12}}</nowiki> || {{ns:12}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:13}}</nowiki> || {{ns:13}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:14}}</nowiki> || {{ns:14}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{ns:15}}</nowiki> || {{ns:15}}
 +
|-
 +
| <nowiki>{{SITENAME}}</nowiki> || {{SITENAME}}
 +
|}
 +
 
 +
'''NUMBEROFARTICLES''' is the number of pages in the main namespace which contain a link and are not a redirect, in other words number of articles, stubs containing a link, and disambiguation pages.
 +
 
 +
'''CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN''' is the genitive (possessive) grammatical form of the month name, as used in some languages; '''CURRENTMONTHNAME''' is the nominative (subject) form, as usually seen in English.
 +
 
 +
In languages where it makes a difference, you can use constructs like <nowiki>{{grammar:case|word}}</nowiki> to convert a word from the nominative case to some other case.  For example, <nowiki>{{grammar:genitive|{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}}}</nowiki> means the same as <nowiki>{{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}</nowiki>. <!-- Is there a reference for this, other than the source code (for example, phase3/languages/Lnaguage*.php) ? -->
 +
 
 +
===Templates===
 +
The [[Wikipedia:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] software used by Wikipedia has support for [[help:template|templates]]. This means standardized text chunks (such as [[Wikipedia:Template messages|boilerplate]] text) can be inserted into articles. For example, typing {{tl|stub}} will appear as "''This article is a [[Wikipedia:Stub|stub]]. You can help Wikipedia by [[Wikipedia:Stub|expanding it]].''" when the page is saved. See [[Wikipedia:Template messages]] for the complete list. Other commonly used templates are: {{tl|disambig}} for disambiguation pages and {{tl|sectstub}} like an article stub but for a section. There are many subject-specific stubs for example: {{tl|Geo-stub}}, {{tl|Hist-stub}}, and {{tl|Linux-stub}}. For a complete list of stubs see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types]].
 +
 
 +
==More information on editing wiki pages==
 +
 
 +
You may also want to learn about:
 +
=== Getting started ===
 +
* [[Wikipedia:Your first article|How to start a page]]
 +
=== Helpful tips ===
 +
* Informal tips on [[Wikipedia:Contributing to Wikipedia|contributing to Wikipedia]]
 +
* Editing tasks in general at the [[Wikipedia:Editing FAQ]]
 +
* [[Wikipedia:Cheatsheet]]
 +
* Help on [[Wikipedia:Page size#If you have problems editing a long article|editing very large articles]]
 +
 
 +
=== Naming ===
 +
* Rename pages boldly, at [[Wikipedia:How to rename (move) a page]]
 +
* [[Wikipedia:Naming conventions]] for how to name articles themselves
 +
* [[Wikipedia:Namespace]]
 +
 
 +
=== Style and layout ===
 +
*  Preferred layout of your article, at [[Wikipedia:Guide to layout|Guide to layout]]
 +
*  Style conventions in the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]]
 +
*  An article with annotations pointing out common Wikipedia style and layout issues, at [[Wikipedia:Annotated article]]
 +
=== Tools ===
 +
*  [[Wikipedia:Text editor support]]
 +
=== See also ===
 +
* General policies in [[Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines]]
 +
* If you are making an article about something that belongs to a group of objects (a city, an astronomical object, a Chinese character...) check if there is a [[Wikipedia:WikiProject|WikiProject]] on the group and try to follow its directions explicitly.
 +
 
 +
 
 +
{{Meta}}
 +
 
 +
<noinclude>
 +
[[Category:Wikipedia how-to|How to edit a page]]
 +
[[Category:Wikipedia basic information|How to edit a page]]
 +
[[Category:Wikipedia editing|{{PAGENAME}}]]
 +
 
 +
<!-- Interlanguage links -->
 +
</noinclude>
 +
 
 +
[[af:Wikipedia:Redigeer]]
 +
[[am:Help:Editing]]
 +
[[ang:Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
 +
[[ar:مساعدة:تحرير]]
 +
[[az:Vikipediya:Məqalələrin redaktə qaydaları]]
 +
[[be:Вікіпэдыя:Як рэдагаваць існуючы артыкул]]
 +
[[bg:Уикипедия:Как се редактират страници]]
 +
[[bs:Wikipedia:Kako izmijeniti stranicu]]
 +
[[br:Skoazell:Penaos kemmañ ur bajenn]]
 +
[[ca:Ajuda:Com s'edita una pàgina]]
 +
[[cs:Nápověda:Jak editovat stránku]]
 +
[[de:Hilfe:Seite bearbeiten]]
 +
[[el:Βοήθεια:Πώς να επεξεργαστείτε μια σελίδα]]
 +
[[eo:Helpo:Kiel redakti paĝon]]
 +
[[es:Ayuda:Cómo se edita una página]]
 +
[[eu:Laguntza:Artikuluak nola aldatzen diren]]
 +
[[fa:ویکی‌پدیا:راهنمای ویرایش صفحات]]
 +
[[fi:Ohje:Kuinka sivuja muokataan]]
 +
[[fr:Aide:Comment modifier une page]]
 +
[[ga:Vicipéid:Conas alt a chur in eagar]]
 +
[[he:עזרה:עריכת דף]]
 +
[[hi:विकिपीडिया:लेख को कैसे बदलें]]
 +
[[hr:Wikipedija:Kako uređivati stranicu]]
 +
[[hu:Wikipédia:Hogyan szerkessz lapokat?]]
 +
[[ia:Wikipedia:Como formatar texto]]
 +
[[id:Wikipedia:Menyunting sebuah halaman]]
 +
[[it:Aiuto:Modifica]]
 +
[[ja:Help:ページの編集]]
 +
[[lb:Wikipedia:Regelen]]
 +
[[lt:Pagalba:Kaip redaguoti puslapį]]
 +
[[ms:Wikipedia:Menyunting]]
 +
[[nl:Help:Uitleg]]
 +
[[no:Hjelp:Hvordan man redigerer en side]]
 +
[[nn:Hjelp:Endring]]
 +
[[pt:Ajuda:Guia de edição/Formatação]]
 +
[[ro:Wikipedia:Cum modific o pagină]]
 +
[[ru:Википедия:Как править статьи]]
 +
[[simple:Help:How to edit]]
 +
[[sk:Pomoc:Prehľad editácie stránok]]
 +
[[sl:Wikipedija:Urejanje strani]]
 +
[[sr:Помоћ:Уређивање]]
 +
[[su:Wikipedia:Cara ngédit kaca]]
 +
[[sv:Wikipedia:Hur man redigerar en sida]]
 +
[[th:วิกิพีเดีย:การแก้ไขหน้า]]
 +
[[tr:Yardım:Sayfa nasıl yazılır]]
 +
[[ur:صفحہ کس طرح ترميم کريں]]
 +
[[vi:Trợ giúp:Sửa đổi]]
 +
[[yi:װיקיפּעדיע:וויאזוי צו רעדאקטירן א בלאט]]
 +
[[zh:Wikipedia:如何编辑页面]]
 +
[[zh-min-nan:Help:Pian-chi̍p]]
 +
[[zh-yue:Wikipedia:點樣編輯一頁]]

Revision as of 22:54, 27 May 2008

Template:Semiprotected Template:Shortcut

See also Wikipedia:Introduction, Wikipedia:Manual of Style, Wikipedia:Tutorial, Help:Editing, and Wikipedia:Your first article

Wikipedia is a wiki, meaning that anyone can easily edit any unprotected page, and save those changes immediately to that page. After your first edit, you will be a Wikipedia editor!

Note: You can use the sandbox to experiment with page editing.

Introduction

Editing most Wikipedia pages is easy. Simply click on the "edit this page" tab at the top of a Wikipedia page (or on a section-edit link). This will bring you to a new page with a text box containing the editable text of the original page. If you add information to a page, please provide references, as unreferenced facts are subject to removal. When you are finished with an edit, you should write a short edit summary in the small field below the edit-box. You may use shorthand to describe your changes, as described in the legend, and you will see the differences between the page with your edits and the previous version of the page by pressing the "Show changes" button. If you're satisfied with what you see, be bold and press the "Save page" button. Your changes will immediately be visible to all Wikipedia users.

You can also click on the "Discussion" tab to see the corresponding talk page, which contains comments about the page from other Wikipedia users. Click on the "new section" tab to start a new section, or edit the page in the same way as an article page.

You should also remember to sign your messages on talk pages and some special-purpose project pages with four tildes (~~~~), but you should not sign edits you make to regular articles. In page histories, the MediaWiki software keeps track of which user makes each change.

Minor edits

Template:Further A check to the "minor edit" box signifies that only superficial differences exist between the version with your edit and the previous version: typo corrections, formatting and presentational changes, rearranging of text without modifying content, etc. A minor edit is a version that the editor believes requires no review and could never be the subject of a dispute. The "minor edit" option is one of several options available only to registered users.

Major edits

All editors are encouraged to be bold, but there are several things that a user can do to ensure that major edits are performed smoothly. Before engaging in a major edit, a user should consider discussing proposed changes on the article discussion/talk page. During the edit, if doing so over an extended period, the {{inuse}} tag can reduce the likelihood of an edit conflict. Once the edit has been completed, the inclusion of an edit summary will assist in documenting the changes. These steps will all help to ensure that major edits are well received by the Wikipedia community.

A major edit should be reviewed to confirm that it is consensual to all concerned editors. Therefore, any change that affects the meaning of an article is major (not minor), even if the edit is a single word.

There are no necessary terms to which you have to agree when doing major edits, but the recommendations above have become best practice. If you do it your own way, the likelihood of your edits being reedited may be higher.

Wiki markup

Template:Shortcut

The wiki markup is the syntax system you can use to format a Wikipedia page; please see Help:Editing for details on it, and Help:Wikitext examples for a longer list of the possibilities of Wikitext.

Links and URLs

What it looks like What you type

London has public transport.

  • A link to another Wiki article.
  • Internally, the first letter of the target page is automatically capitalized and spaces are represented as underscores (typing an underscore in the link has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended).
  • Thus the link above is to the URL en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport, which is the Wikipedia article with the name "Public transport". See also Wikipedia:Canonicalization. 
London has [[public transport]].

San Francisco also has public transportation.

  • Same target, different name.
  • The target ("piped") text must be placed first, then the text that will be displayed second. 
San Francisco also has
[[public transport| public transportation]].

San Francisco also has public transportation.

Examples include buses, taxicabs, and streetcars.

  • Endings are blended into the link.
  • Preferred style is to use this instead of a piped link, if possible.
  • Blending can be suppressed by using <nowiki></nowiki> tags, which may be desirable in some instances. Example: a microsecond. 
San Francisco also has
[[public transport]]ation.

Examples include [[bus]]es,
 [[taxicab]]s, and [[streetcar]]s.

a [[micro]]<nowiki>second
</nowiki>

See the Wikipedia:Manual of Style. 

See the 
[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]].

Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: kingdom.

Automatically hide namespace: Village Pump.

Or both: Manual of Style

But not: [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Links|]]

  • The server fills in the part after the pipe character (|) when you save the page. The next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. When previewing your edits, you will not see the expanded form until you press Save and Edit again. The same applies to links to sections within the same page (see previous entry).
  • See Wikipedia:Pipe trick for details. 
Automatically hide stuff
in parentheses:
[[kingdom (biology)|]].

Automatically hide namespace: 
[[Wikipedia:Village Pump|]].

Or both:
[[Wikipedia:
Manual of Style (headings)|]]

But not:
[[Wikipedia:
Manual of Style#Links|]]


National sarcasm society is a page that does not exist yet.

  • You can create it by clicking on the link.
  • To create a new page:
    1. Create a link to it on some other (related) page.
    2. Save that page.
    3. Click on the link you just made. The new page will open for editing.
  • For more information, see How to start a page and check out Wikipedia's naming conventions.
  • Please do not create a new article without linking to it from at least one other article. 
[[National sarcasm society]]
is a page 
that does not exist yet.

Wikipedia:How to edit a page is a link to this page.

  • Self links appear as bold text when the article is viewed.
  • Do not use this technique to make the article name bold in the first paragraph; see the Manual of Style. 
[[Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
is a link to this page.

The character tilde (~) is used when adding a comment to a Talk page. You should sign your comment by appending four tildes (~~~~) to the comment so as to add your user name plus date/time:

Patricia Zhang 13:40, Jan 14, 2007 (UTC)

Adding three tildes (~~~) will add just your user name:

Patricia Zhang

and adding five tildes (~~~~~) gives the date/time alone:

13:40, Jan 14, 2007 (UTC)
  • The first two both provide a link to your user page. 
The character '''tilde''' (~) is used 
when adding a comment to a Talk page. 
You should sign your comment by 
appending four tildes (~~~~)
to the comment so as to add your 
user name plus date/time:
: ~~~~
Adding three tildes (~~~) will add 
just your user name:
: ~~~
and adding five tildes (~~~~~) gives 
the date/time alone:
: ~~~~~
  • Redirect one article title to another by placing a directive like the one shown to the right on the first line of the article (such as at a page titled "USA").
  • It is possible to redirect to a section. For example, a redirect to United States History will redirect to the United States page, to the History section if it exists. 
#REDIRECT [[United States]]

#REDIRECT [[United States#History|United 
States History]] will redirect to the 
[[United States]] page, to the History 
section if it exists
  • Link to a page on the same subject in another language by placing a link of the form: [[language code:Title]] in the wiki text of the article.

For example in the article on Plankton, which is available on a lot of other wikis, the interlanguage links would look like so:

[[de:Plankton]] [[es:Plancton]] [[ru:Планктон]] [[simple:Plankton]]
  • While it does not matter where you put these links while editing, it is recommended that these links be placed at the very end of the edit box.
  • These will not be visible in the main text of the article on which they are placed but appear as links in the extreme left margin column of Wikipedia page as part of a separate box under the 'toolbox' titled 'in other languages'. You can check out the links to the corresponding page in wikipedias of other languages for this Wikipedia MOS help page itself.
  • Please see Wikipedia:Interlanguage links and the list of languages and codes. 







What links here and Related changes
pages can be linked as:
Special:Whatlinkshere/Wikipedia:How to edit a page
and
Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:How to edit a page





'''What links here''' and
'''Related changes'''
pages can be linked as:
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/
Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
and
[[Special:Recentchangeslinked/
Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]








A user's Contributions page can be linked as:
Special:Contributions/UserName
or
Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0





A user's '''Contributions''' page
can be linked as:
[[Special:Contributions/UserName]]
or
[[Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0]]








    

  •  To put an article in a Wikipedia:Category, place a link like the one to the right anywhere in the article. As with interlanguage links, it does not matter where you put these links while editing as they will always show up in the same place when you save the page, but placement at the end of the edit box is recommended.

    • 





[[Category:Character sets]]








    

  •  To link to a Wikipedia:Category page without putting the article into the category, use an initial colon (:) in the link.

    • 





[[:Category:Character sets]]









Linking to other wikis:



    

  1.  Interwiki link: Wiktionary:Hello

    2. 

  2.  Interwiki link without prefix: Hello

    3. 

  3.  Named interwiki link: Wiktionary definition of 'Hello'

    4. 




Linking to another language's wiktionary:



    

  1.  Wiktionary:fr:bonjour

    2. 

  2.  bonjour

    3. 

  3.  fr:bonjour

    4. 






Linking to other wikis:
# [[Interwiki]] link:
[[Wiktionary:Hello]]
# Interwiki link without prefix:
[[Wiktionary:Hello|]]
# Named interwiki link:
[[Wiktionary:Hello|
Wiktionary definition 
of 'Hello']]

Linking to another
language's wiktionary:
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour]]
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour|bonjour]]
# [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour|]]








ISBN 012345678X

ISBN 0-12-345678-X



    

  •  Link to books using their ISBN. This is preferred to linking to a specific online bookstore, because it gives the reader a choice of vendors. However, if one bookstore or online service provides additional free information, such as table of contents or excerpts from the text, then a link to that source will aid the user and is recommended.

    • 

  •  ISBN links do not need any extra markup, provided you use one of the indicated formats.

    • 





ISBN 012345678X

ISBN 0-12-345678-X








Text mentioning RFC 4321 anywhere






Text mentioning RFC 4321 
anywhere








Date formats:



    

  1.  July 20, 1969

    2. 

  2.  20 July 1969

    3. 

  3.  1969-07-20

    4. 

  4.  1969-07-20

    5. 



    

  •  Link dates in one of the above formats, so that everyone can set their own display order. If logged in, you can use Special:Preferences to change your own date display setting.

    • 

  •  All of the above dates will appear as "20 July 1969" if you set your date display preference to "15 January 2001", but as "July 20, 1969" if you set it to "January 15, 2001", or as "1969-07-20" if you set it to "2001-01-15".

    • 





Date formats:
# [[July 20]], [[1969]]
# [[20 July]] [[1969]]
# [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
# [[1969-07-20]]









Special as-of links like this year
needing future maintenance





Special [[WP:AO|as-of]] links 
like [[As of 2006|this year]]
needing future maintenance








Sound



    

  • To include links to non image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link. For images, see next section.

    • 



Some uploaded sounds are listed at Wikipedia:Sound.





[[media:Classical guitar scale.ogg|Sound]]








Link directly to edit for an existing page, or apply other link attributes. 



    

  •  use {{fullurl:}}  

    • 

  •  or use {{template:edit}} which conceals the edit label for page printing 

    • 





{{fullurl:page name|action=edit}}




Images


Only images that have been uploaded to Wikipedia can be used. To upload images, use the upload page. You can find the uploaded image on the image list.







 What it looks like

 What you type




A picture:

Wiki.png




A picture: 
[[Image:wiki.png]]





With alternative text:

Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.




With alternative text:
[[Image:wiki.png|Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.]]


    

  •  Alternative text, used when the image is unavailable or when the image is loaded in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud, is strongly encouraged. See Alternate text for images for help on choosing it.

    • 






Floating to the right side of the page using the frame attribute and a caption:

  
Wikipedia Encyclopedia




Floating to the right side of the page 
using the ''frame'' attribute and a caption:
[[Image:wiki.png|frame|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]


    

  •  The frame tag automatically floats the image right.

    • 

  •  The caption is also used as alternate text.

    • 






Floating to the right side of the page using the thumb attribute and a caption:

  
Wikipedia Encyclopedia




Floating to the right side of the page 
using the ''thumb'' attribute and a caption:
[[Image:wiki.png|thumb|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]


    

  •  The thumb tag automatically floats the image right.

    • 

  •  The caption is also used as alternate text.

    • 

  •  An enlarge icon is placed in the lower right corner.

    • 






Floating to the right side of the page without a caption:

Wikipedia Encyclopedia



Floating to the right side of the page
''without'' a caption:
[[Image:wiki.png|right|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]]






A picture resized to 30 pixels...

Wiki.png




A picture resized to 30 pixels...
[[Image:wiki.png|30 px]]






Linking directly to the description page of an image:

Image:wiki.png




Linking directly to the description page
of an image:
[[:Image:wiki.png]]


    

  •  Clicking on an image displayed on a page

    • 



(such as any of the ones above)
also leads to the description page






Linking directly to an image without displaying it:

Image of the jigsaw globe logo




Linking directly to an image
without displaying it:
[[:media:wiki.png|Image of the jigsaw globe logo]]


    

  •  To include links to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link.

    • 






Using the div tag to separate images from text (note that this may allow images to cover text):


Example:
<div style="display:inline;
width:220px; float:right;">
Place images here </div>





Using wiki markup to make a table in which to place a vertical column of images (this helps edit links match headers, especially in Firefox browsers):


Example: {| align=right
|-
| 
Place images here
|}





See the Wikipedia's image use policy as a guideline used on Wikipedia.

For further help on images, including some more versatile abilities, see the topic on Extended image syntax.



Headings


For a top-level heading, put it on a separate line surrounded by '=='. For example:



  ==Introduction==



Subheadings use '===', '====', and so on.



Character formatting






 What it looks like

 What you type






Italicized text
Bold text
Italicized & Bold text





''Italicized text''
'''Bold text'''
'''''Italicized & Bold text'''''








A typewriter font for monospace   text

Computer code has a colored background
and more stringent formatting. Suppose we
want to define int main():
<source lang=c>#include <iostream.h>
int main ( int argc,  char **argv ) {



   cout << "Hello World!";
   return 0;



}</source>





A typewriter font for <tt>monospace   text</tt>

Computer code has a colored background
and more stringent formatting. Suppose we
want to define <code>int  main()</code>:
<source lang=c>#include <iostream.h>
int main ( int argc,  char **argv ) {
    cout << "Hello World!";
    return 0;
}</source>








You can use small text for captions.





You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.








Better stay away from big text, unless
 it's within small text. 





Better stay away from <big>big text</big>, unless
<small> it's <big>within</big> small</small> text.








You can strike out deleted material
and underline new material.

You can also mark deleted material and
inserted material using logical markup.
For backwards compatibility better combine this
potentially ignored new logical with 
the old physical markup.



    

  •  When editing regular Wikipedia articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.

    • 

  •  When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

    • 





You can <s>strike out deleted material</s>
and <u>underline new material</u>.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup.
For backwards compatibility better combine this
potentially ignored new <del>logical</del> with
the old <s><del>physical</del></s> markup.








Suppressing interpretation of markup:


Link → (''to'') the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]



    

  •  Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning.

    • 

  •  Escape all wiki markup, including that which looks like HTML tags.

    • 

  •  Does not escape HTML character references.

    • 

  •  To escape HTML character references such as &rarr; use &amp;rarr;

    • 










<nowiki>Link &rarr; (''to'') 
the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]</nowiki>








Commenting page source:


not shown when viewing page



    

  •  Used to leave comments in a page for future editors.

    • 

  •  Note that most comments should go on the appropriate Talk page.

    • 










<!-- comment here -->








Diacritical marks:


À Á Â Ã Ä Å 

Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 

Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 

Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 

Ú Û Ü ß
à á 

â ã ä å æ
ç 

è é ê ë ì í

î ï ñ ò ó ô 

œ õ
ö ø ù ú 

û ü ÿ











&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring; 
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml; 
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve; 
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave; 
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute; 
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil; 
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc; 
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute; 
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;








Punctuation:


¿ ¡ § ¶

† ‡ • – —

‹ › « »

‘ ’ “ ”










&iquest; &iexcl; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; &ndash; &mdash;
&lsaquo; &rsaquo; &laquo; &raquo;
&lsquo; &rsquo; &ldquo; &rdquo;








Commercial symbols:


™ © ® ¢ € ¥

£ ¤










&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; 
&pound; &curren;








Subscripts:


x1 x2 x3 or


x₀ x₁ x₂ x₃ x₄


x₅ x₆ x₇ x₈ x₉

Superscripts:


x1 x2 x3 or


x⁰ x¹ x² x³ x⁴


x⁵ x⁶ x⁷ x⁸ x⁹



    

  • The latter methods of sub/superscripting cannot be used in the most general context, as they rely on Unicode support which may not be present on all users' machines. For the 1-2-3 superscripts, it is nevertheless preferred when possible (as with units of measurement) because most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with it.

    • 



ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.

1 hectare = 1 E4 m²










x<sub>1</sub> x<sub>2</sub> x<sub>3</sub> or
<br/>
x&#8320; x&#8321; x&#8322; x&#8323; x&#8324;
<br/>
x&#8325; x&#8326; x&#8327; x&#8328; x&#8329;



x<sup>1</sup> x<sup>2</sup> x<sup>3</sup> or
<br/>
x&#8304; x&sup1; x&sup2; x&sup3; x&#8308;
<br/>
x&#8309; x&#8310; x&#8311; x&#8312; x&#8313;

&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup>
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2;]]








Greek characters:


α β γ δ ε ζ

η θ ι κ λ μ ν

ξ ο π ρ σ ς

τ υ φ χ ψ ω

Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π

Σ Φ Ψ Ω










&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta; 
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu; 
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi; 
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;








Mathematical characters:


∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞

≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥

× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″

∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø

∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇

¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀

⇒ ⇐ ⇓ ⇑ ⇔

→ ↓ ↑ ← ↔












&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &alefsym; &oslash;
&isin; &notin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; 
&rArr; &lArr; &dArr; &uArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &darr; &uarr; &larr; &harr;








<math>\,\! \sin x + \ln y</math>

sinx + lny

<math>\mathbf{x} = 0</math>

x = 0

Ordinary text should use wiki markup for emphasis, and should not use <i> or <b>.  However, mathematical formulae often use italics, and sometimes use bold, for reasons unrelated to emphasis.  Complex formulae should use <math> markup, and simple formulae may use <math>; or <i> and <b>; or '' and '''.  According to WikiProject Mathematics, wiki markup is preferred over HTML markup like <i> and <b>.





<math>\,\! \sin x + \ln y</math>
sin''x'' + ln''y''

<math>\mathbf{x} = 0</math>
'''x''' = 0








Spacing in simple math formulae:


Obviously, x ² ≥ 0 is true when x is a real number.



    

  • To space things out without allowing line breaks to interrupt the formula, use non-breaking spaces: &nbsp;.

    • 










Obviously, ''x''&sup2;&nbsp;&ge;&nbsp;0 is true 
when ''x'' is a real number.








Complicated formulae:







 <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>





    

  •  See Help:Formula for how to use <math>.

    • 

  •  A formula displayed on a line by itself should probably be indented by using the colon (:) character.

    • 










: <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>





(see also: Chess symbols in Unicode)



No or limited formatting—showing exactly what is being typed


A few different kinds of formatting will tell the Wiki to display things as you typed them—what you see, is what you get!







What it looks like

What you type




<nowiki> tag:



The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It reformats text by removing newlines    and multiple spaces.
It still interprets special characters: →





<nowiki>
The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It reformats text by removing newlines 
and multiple spaces.
It still interprets special
characters: &rarr;
</nowiki>






<pre> tag:</br>

The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It also doesn't     reformat text.
It still interprets special characters: →




<pre>
The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It also doesn't     reformat text.
It still interprets special characters:
 &rarr;
</pre>





Leading space:


Leading spaces are another way 
to preserve formatting. However, it will make the whole page fail to render properly in some browsers, such as IE7, thus making the page unreadable.






Putting a space at the beginning of each line
stops the text   from being reformatted. 
It still interprets Wiki markup and
special characters: →




Leading spaces are another way 
to preserve formatting.
 Putting a space at the beginning of each line
 stops the text   from being reformatted. 
 It still interprets [[Wiki]] ''markup'' and
 special characters: &rarr;





Invisible text (comments)


Template:Main
It's uncommon, but on occasion acceptable, to add a hidden comment within the text of an article.   The format is this:



<!-- This is an example of text that won't normally be visible except in "edit" mode. -->



Table of contents


At the current status of the wiki markup language, having at least four headers on a page triggers the table of contents (TOC) to appear in front of the first header (or after introductory sections).  Putting __TOC__ anywhere forces the TOC to appear at that point (instead of just before the first header).  Putting __NOTOC__ anywhere forces the TOC to disappear.  See also compact TOC for alphabet and year headings.



Tables


There are two ways to build tables: 



    

  • in special Wiki-markup (see Help:Table)

    • 

  • with the usual HTML elements: <table>, <tr>, <td> or <th>.

    • 



For the latter, and a discussion on when tables are appropriate, see Wikipedia:When to use tables.



Variables


(See also Help:Variable)







 Code

 Effect




 {{CURRENTWEEK}} 
 20




 {{CURRENTDOW}} 
 2




 {{CURRENTMONTH}} 
 05




 {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}

 May




 {{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}

 May




 {{CURRENTDAY}} 
 14




 {{CURRENTDAYNAME}} 
 Tuesday




 {{CURRENTYEAR}} 
 2024




 {{CURRENTTIME}} 
 09:48




 {{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}

 349




 {{NUMBEROFUSERS}}

 303




 {{PAGENAME}} 
 Editing help




 {{NAMESPACE}} 





 {{REVISIONID}} 
 98




 {{localurl:pagename}}

 /index.php?title=Pagename




 {{localurl:Wikipedia:Sandbox|action=edit}}

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandbox?action=edit




 {{fullurl:pagename}}

 http://wiki.tycoononline.com/index.php?title=Pagename




 {{fullurl:pagename|query_string}}

 http://wiki.tycoononline.com/index.php?title=Pagename&query_string




 {{SERVER}} 
 http://wiki.tycoononline.com




 {{ns:1}} 
 Talk




 {{ns:2}} 
 User




 {{ns:3}} 
 User talk




 {{ns:4}} 
 Tycoon Online




 {{ns:5}} 
 Tycoon Online talk




 {{ns:6}} 
 File




 {{ns:7}} 
 File talk




 {{ns:8}} 
 MediaWiki




 {{ns:9}} 
 MediaWiki talk




 {{ns:10}} 
 Template




 {{ns:11}} 
 Template talk




 {{ns:12}} 
 Help




 {{ns:13}} 
 Help talk




 {{ns:14}} 
 Category




 {{ns:15}} 
 Category talk




 {{SITENAME}} 
 Tycoon Online



NUMBEROFARTICLES is the number of pages in the main namespace which contain a link and are not a redirect, in other words number of articles, stubs containing a link, and disambiguation pages.

CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN is the genitive (possessive) grammatical form of the month name, as used in some languages; CURRENTMONTHNAME is the nominative (subject) form, as usually seen in English.

In languages where it makes a difference, you can use constructs like {{grammar:case|word}} to convert a word from the nominative case to some other case.  For example, {{grammar:genitive|{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}}} means the same as {{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}. 



Templates


The MediaWiki software used by Wikipedia has support for templates. This means standardized text chunks (such as boilerplate text) can be inserted into articles. For example, typing Template:Tl will appear as "This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it." when the page is saved. See Wikipedia:Template messages for the complete list. Other commonly used templates are: Template:Tl for disambiguation pages and Template:Tl like an article stub but for a section. There are many subject-specific stubs for example: Template:Tl, Template:Tl, and Template:Tl. For a complete list of stubs see Wikipedia:WikiProject Stub sorting/Stub types.



More information on editing wiki pages


You may also want to learn about:



Getting started



Helpful tips



Naming



Style and layout



Tools



See also


    

  •  General policies in Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines

    • 

  •  If you are making an article about something that belongs to a group of objects (a city, an astronomical object, a Chinese character...) check if there is a WikiProject on the group and try to follow its directions explicitly.

    • 





Template:Metaaf:Wikipedia:Redigeer
am:Help:Editing
ang:Wikipedia:How to edit a page
ar:مساعدة:تحرير
az:Vikipediya:Məqalələrin redaktə qaydaları
be:Вікіпэдыя:Як рэдагаваць існуючы артыкул
bg:Уикипедия:Как се редактират страници
bs:Wikipedia:Kako izmijeniti stranicu
br:Skoazell:Penaos kemmañ ur bajenn
ca:Ajuda:Com s'edita una pàgina
cs:Nápověda:Jak editovat stránku
de:Hilfe:Seite bearbeiten
el:Βοήθεια:Πώς να επεξεργαστείτε μια σελίδα
eo:Helpo:Kiel redakti paĝon
es:Ayuda:Cómo se edita una página
eu:Laguntza:Artikuluak nola aldatzen diren
fa:ویکی‌پدیا:راهنمای ویرایش صفحات
fi:Ohje:Kuinka sivuja muokataan
fr:Aide:Comment modifier une page
ga:Vicipéid:Conas alt a chur in eagar
he:עזרה:עריכת דף
hi:विकिपीडिया:लेख को कैसे बदलें
hr:Wikipedija:Kako uređivati stranicu
hu:Wikipédia:Hogyan szerkessz lapokat?
ia:Wikipedia:Como formatar texto
id:Wikipedia:Menyunting sebuah halaman
it:Aiuto:Modifica
ja:Help:ページの編集
lb:Wikipedia:Regelen
lt:Pagalba:Kaip redaguoti puslapį
ms:Wikipedia:Menyunting
nl:Help:Uitleg
no:Hjelp:Hvordan man redigerer en side
nn:Hjelp:Endring
pt:Ajuda:Guia de edição/Formatação
ro:Wikipedia:Cum modific o pagină
ru:Википедия:Как править статьи
simple:Help:How to edit
sk:Pomoc:Prehľad editácie stránok
sl:Wikipedija:Urejanje strani
sr:Помоћ:Уређивање
su:Wikipedia:Cara ngédit kaca
sv:Wikipedia:Hur man redigerar en sida
th:วิกิพีเดีย:การแก้ไขหน้า
tr:Yardım:Sayfa nasıl yazılır
ur:صفحہ کس طرح ترميم کريں
vi:Trợ giúp:Sửa đổi
yi:װיקיפּעדיע:וויאזוי צו רעדאקטירן א בלאט
zh:Wikipedia:如何编辑页面
zh-min-nan:Help:Pian-chi̍p
zh-yue:Wikipedia:點樣編輯一頁





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